How to Treat a Nosebleed

Nosebleeds are common and are usually not serious. They often happen when the delicate lining inside the nose becomes dry, irritated or damaged. Most nosebleeds can be treated safely at home by following the correct first aid steps. Knowing how to stop the bleeding quickly and reduce the chance of it happening again can help you recover safely.

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What Causes a Nosebleed?

A nosebleed can happen for a number of reasons, including:

• Dry air or central heating drying out the nose.
• Colds or nasal infections.
• Nose picking or minor injury.
• High blood pressure.
• Alcohol use.

People taking blood-thinning medicines, such as warfarin, aspirin or some anti-inflammatory medicines, may also be more likely to experience nosebleeds.

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How to Stop a Nosebleed

Follow these simple first aid steps:

1. Pinch Your Nose

Firmly pinch the soft part of your nose using your thumb and index finger.

Keep constant pressure on the nose.

2. Lean Forward

Sit upright and lean your head slightly forward.

Do not lean backwards, as this may cause blood to run down the back of your throat.

3. Hold for 10–15 Minutes

Keep your nose pinched continuously for 10 to 15 minutes without checking if the bleeding has stopped.

If necessary, repeat the process.

4. Apply a Cold Compress

If available, place an ice pack or bag of frozen peas wrapped in a towel over your nose, cheeks or forehead while continuing to pinch your nose.

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Prevent Another Nosebleed

For the next 24 hours, try to:

• Keep your head raised when resting.
• Avoid blowing your nose.
• Sneeze with your mouth open.
• Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous exercise.
• Do not smoke or drink alcohol.
• Avoid hot drinks.
• If possible, avoid medicines that thin the blood unless they have been prescribed by your doctor.

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If the Bleeding Starts Again

If your nose starts bleeding again:

1. Gently clear any blood clots by sniffing in firmly and spitting the blood out through your mouth.
2. Repeat the first aid steps to stop the bleeding.
3. Continue applying pressure for 10 to 15 minutes.

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When to Seek Medical Help

Call 999 immediately if:

• You cannot stop the bleeding.
• You have lost a large amount of blood.
• You feel faint or weak.

Call NHS 111 if:

• You need urgent medical advice but it is not a life-threatening emergency.

Contact Your GP if:

• You experience frequent or recurring nosebleeds, as you may need further assessment or treatment.